• Explain the key differences between "prosocial behavior and "altruism."
  
  
• Analyze how the murder of Kitty Genovese led to a greater understanding of when and why a person may (or may not) choose to help in an emergency.
  
  
• Outline Latane and Darley's (1971) five essential steps to a prosocial response in an emergency and note at what point help may be given.
  
  
• Discuss three important situational factors that can either enhance or inhibit helping.
  
  
• Contrast the following tems: egoism, self-interest, moral integrity, and moral hypocrisy.
  
  
• Explain how a bystander's emotional state may influence their decision to help.
  
  
• Discuss the nature of empathy, how it develops, and why people may differ as a function of it.
  
  
• Note the factors that may cause a person to help someone who has been the victim of a catastrophe and why these factors may NOT be relevant with respect to the September 11, 2001 tragedy.
  
  
• Outline other personality factors (other than empathy) associated with prosocial behavior and pay particular attention to the qualities of the altruistic personality.
  
  
• Explain the various motives for volunteering.
  
  
• Consider the role that gender plays in helping behavior.
  
  
• Note the general reactions of those who receive help in terms of how it feels to receive such assistance.
  
  
• State, define, and contrast the four key models or hypotheses of why we engage in prosocial behavior.

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