Prenatal Environmental Influences

This activity contains 9 questions.

Of the following, which statement is TRUE regarding the effects of teratogens?

The effects of teratogens depend on a number of factors, including the dosage of the drug and the age of the organism.Teratogens have the same effect on all infants.Teratogenic exposure causes the most damage late in pregnancy.It is possible for infants to recover from teratogenic exposure during a sensitive period.

Exposure to Accutane during the first trimester of pregnancy has been linked to

gross deformities of the arms and legs.adult infertility.breast cancer.immune system abnormalities.

Of the following, which statement is TRUE regarding maternal smoking during pregnancy?

Less than 10 percent of North American women smoke during pregnancy.The effect of smoking one cigarette a day is as damaging to the fetus as the effect of smoking one pack a day. Exposure to secondhand, or passive, smoking does not have a harmful effect on the fetus. If a woman stops smoking at any time during her pregnancy, she reduces the likelihood that her infant will suffer future problems.

Research on fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) indicates that

FAS babies catch up to agemates in physical size if provided with enriched diets. the mental impairment it causes is reversible if the child is raised in an intellectually stimulating environment. even mild drinking is associated with reduced head size and body growth. all fetuses are equally vulnerable to the damaging effects of prenatal alcohol exposure.

Children born to Japanese women who survived the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki often suffered

underdeveloped brains.compromised immune systems.adult infertility.severe birth trauma.

High levels of prenatal __________ exposure disrupts production and migration of neurons, causing widespread brain damage.

mercury radiation leadtobacco

In order to avoid toxoplasmosis, pregnant women are advised to

avoid eating long-lived predatory fish.take prenatal vitamins containing folic acid.use natural childbirth techniques.avoid contact with the feces of infected cats.

Pregnant women who do not have adequate nutrition during the last trimester may have infants

with underdeveloped lungs.with decreased brain weight.with limb deformities.who sleep excessively.

Of the following, which statement is TRUE regarding the effects of maternal age?

The older women are, the more likely they will give birth to an overweight infant.Maternal age is not linked to prenatal and birth complications.Prenatal and birth complications rise for women after age 30.Infants born to teenagers have a higher rate of problems, but not directly because of maternal age.

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