- Explain Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority, noting major personality changes.
- Describe the development of the self during middle childhood, noting changes in self-concept and self-esteem, as well as factors that influence children's self-evaluations.
- Describe changes in self-conscious emotions, understanding of emotional states, and emotional self-regulation in middle childhood.
- Trace the development of perspective taking, and discuss the relationship between perspective taking and social skills.
- Describe changes in moral understanding during middle childhood.
- Describe changes in peer relations during middle childhood, including characteristics of peer groups and friendships, and explain how these relationships contribute to children's social development.
- Describe the four categories of peer acceptance, noting how each is related to social behavior, and discuss ways to help rejected children.
- Describe changes in gender-stereotyped beliefs and gender identity during middle childhood, noting sex differences and cultural influences.
- Discuss changes in the parent--child relationship during middle childhood, including new issues confronting parents and changes in parent-child communication.
- Describe changes in sibling relationships during middle childhood, and compare the experiences and developmental outcomes of only children with those of children who have siblings.
- Discuss children's adjustment to divorce and blended families, noting the influence of parent and child characteristics, as well as social supports within the family and surrounding community.
- Discuss the impact of maternal employment and dual-earner families on school-age children's development, noting the influence of social supports within the family and surrounding community, and explain issues regarding child care for school-age children.
- Discuss common fears and anxieties in middle childhood, with particular attention to school phobia.
- Discuss factors related to child sexual abuse, its consequences for children's development, and ways to prevent and treat it.
- Cite factors that foster resilience in middle childhood.
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