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Ethics are developed by an individual, religion, society, or organization as a philosophical expression of moral values. Ethics can be applied to the observation of human conduct in an effort to judge the positive or negative effects of that conduct. Ethics are influenced by culture and may be interpreted according to the situation. Most professions adhere to a formal expression of moral values that apply to the practice of the profession. Members of the profession play a role in determining those values and use those values as guidelines in their practice. Typically, a credentialing agency for the profession takes responsibility for a formal document, often termed a Code of Ethics, that has been approved by its members. The agency responsible for certifying its members as qualified to practice a profession can require that those members adhere to the Code Ethics and may establish a review board that examines potential instances of misconduct that might lead to withdrawal the practitioner's credential. Revisions to ASHA's Code of Ethics were submitted for peer review to the membership in Spring 2002. The changes primarily address specification of application of the Code to research and scholarly activity as well as to clinical practice. Much of the material on which the following questions and answers are based is reflective of information that can be found in detail at ASHA's website (see this section's Interesting Web Links page) and in ASHA Supplement 22 (Spring 2002). For questions one through three, label the following statements regarding ASHAs Code of Ethics as True or False.
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