pubertal and hormonal changes
evidence of sex differences in physical development and motor performance
emergence of formal operational thinking
development of stronger academic subject preferences
greater interest in and time spent on hobbies and collections
emergence of idealism and critical thinking
emergence of religious faith or spirituality
greater grasp of abstract concepts, irony, and sarcasm
increased ability to adjust language and speech to suit different situations
increase in moodiness and parent-child conflict
risk factors for accidents, homicide, depression, and suicide
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end of girls' growth spurt; beginning of boys' growth spurt
greater self-consciousness and focus on self
adjustment to middle or junior high school
concern with appearance and peer approval
appearance of conventional morality
peer pressure to conform
greater commitment of time to peer group
formation of friendships on the basis of intimacy and loyalty
improved self-regulation of cognitive performance
risk factors for delinquency, substance abuse, and eating disorders
morality based on good conduct and maintaining social order
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