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Chapter 2

Multiple Choice

Multiple Choice

For each question, choose the single best answer.

This activity contains 15 questions.

	Which of the following is not an example of material culture?   weapons of war Navaho jewelry a belief in one God knife, fork, and spoon

	Janet is purely American in her beliefs and values. She only buys outfits with a "Made in America" label, refuses to eat Chinese food, and believes that there should be a law passed to create an American language. In view of this, which sociological principle best describes Janet's behavior?   culture shock ethnocentrism reformulation cultural relativism

	When Anthony's National Guard unit was called up to enter the Gulf War, Anthony began reading everything he could find on Iraq, its people, their history, values, and customs. He even visited a mosque to speak to an Islamic Imam about their religion. In view of this, which statement best explains Anthony's behavior?   Anthony was in a state of culture shock. Anthony was trying to employ cultural relativism. Anthony was employing ethnocentrism as a defense mechanism. Anthony is guilty of confusing the relativist fallacy with reformulation.

	Written gestures that people often use when writing e-mails to friends that help express themselves informally, such as :-) and :-( are called ____________.   shorthand body language emoticons gestures

	Who were the two anthropologists that studied the Hopi Indians of the southwestern United States and concluded that language not only expresses our thoughts but also shapes the way we think?   Cordell Walker and James Trevett Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf Henry McKay and Clifford Shaw

	Norms which are not strictly enforced, such as eating habits in the student dining hall and a relaxed dress code for attending class are referred to as ____________.   values mores folkways taboos

	What is the difference between a subculture and counterculture?   There are few subcultures but many countercultures. Subcultures blend into the mainstream culture but countercultures are at odds with the dominant culture. Subcultures are within the larger world of the dominant culture but countercultures operate in foreign locations. Subcultures are composed primarily of ethnic groups and countercultures are composed of cult members.

	A society made up of many different groups with no single group having dominance over the others is called a ____________ society.   pluralistic polytheistic communal monotheistic

	The sociologist who identified 12 core values shared by many groups in American society was ____________.   William Domhoff Robin Williams Talcott Parsons Lewis Coser Jr.

	The author of the textbook, James Henslin, updated the 12 core values shared by Americans suggested by Robin Williams in 1965. Which of the following is not one of the three values Henslin added to the original twelve?   democracy religiosity romantic love education

	Barbara boasts that she strongly believes in equality, freedom, achievement and success but she doesn't work to her potential in class and expects special treatment from her professors because her father sits on the university's board of trustees. In view of this, which assessment of Barbara is most accurate?   Barbara is experiencing role strain. Barbara is exhibiting signs of being a member of a counterculture. Barbara is involved in a value contradiction. Barbara is experiencing status inconsistency.

	According to sociologist Robin Williams, Americans who emphasize helpfulness, personal kindness, aid in mass disasters, and organized philanthropy are practicing the core value of _____________.   humanitarianism achievement and success material comfort individualism

	A "culture war" is best illustrated by which of the following examples?   Christians celebrating Easter and Muslims celebrating Ramadan. The presence of an ROTC unit on a college campus. The presence of one Democrat and two Republicans serving as County Commissioners together. Pro-life advocates demonstrating in front of a family planning clinic.

	During the American occupation of Japan following World War II the Japanese observed soldiers playing baseball and later adopted it as one of their favorite past times. After Chinese food was introduced to Americans it became almost as popular as hamburgers and fries. Both of these situations are examples of ____________.   cultural diffusion cultural invention reformulation compartmentalization

	When Patti Sue did her world tour she was able to have lunch at a McDonald's in Tokyo, dinner at a Hard Rock Café in Hong Kong, purchase clothes at a Macy's in London, and be entertained at a Disney show featuring Mickey Mouse and Pluto in Paris. This sharing of cultures around the world is called ____________.   cultural leveling technological transfer reformulation cultural lag

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