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Henslin, Essentials of Sociology, 8e

Chapter 7

Practice Test

Practice Test

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This activity contains 25 questions.

	Regardless of its forms, the existence of social stratification   in agricultural societies, is not found to have firm lines of distinction drawn between lines that separate one group from another. is found to include notions of power, property, and prestige in all societies. is found in hunting societies but not in gathering societies. is universal.

	Which of these was not usually a basis for slavery?   race debt crime conquest from war

	In ancient Rome   people were taken as slaves because they were less educated than the conquering Romans. slaves were not necessarily thought to be inherently inferior to the Romans. slaves were taken only if they were defeated in battle but were never taken due to reason of debt. the Romans would not enslave any conquered Greeks since the Greeks were highly educated and were seen as being able to be tutors to Romans.

	American colonies   were forced by England to develop a system of slavery. did not allow the process of bonded labor. did not allow the process of indentured service. were unsuccessful in their attempts to enslave Native Americans.

	A caste system   is no longer practiced in India. is one where status is determined by birth and is life long. is a society where status is determined by birth but in modern times one can change their position in life through achieved status. usually does not include the practice of endogamy.

	The major caste system in India has ________ main castes, excluding the "untouchables".   twenty six four ten

	A class system   is based primarily on prestige rather than money or material possessions. has relatively fluid boundaries. does not begin at birth as does systems such as slavery or caste systems. contains ascribed statuses but not achieved statuses.

	Karl Marx concluded that social class   resulted in the inability for people to develop a sense of class-consciousness. felt that the lumpenproletariat and the middle group of self employed professionals would play the most significant role in the overthrow of capitalism. was designated strictly by a system of three classes known as the bourgeoisie, the proletariat, and the lumpenproletariat. depends on the single factor of people's relationship to the means of production.

	In Max Weber's notion of social class, the second element is   prestige. power. policy. property.

	According to Max Weber, prestige   would be exhibited by an Olympic gold medalist. must always be associated with one's having a large amount of wealth. can never be exchanged for property. is such that property can never bring prestige.

	According to functionalists,   social inequality is universal. the ideas of Davis and Moore are in contradiction to the functionalist position on social class. inequality is a hindrance to the survival of society. the most important positions in a society are filled by the most powerful people, not necessarily the most qualified people.

	A conflict theorist believes that social stratification is the result of   conflict. function. hierarchy. the caste system.

	The notion of the divine right of kings   was a theological/political concept. went against the idea of trying to control people's ideas through ideology. entailed the notion that to rebel meant eternal suffering in hell, even though it did not mean physical punishment on earth. was used in place of an ideological system to support power elites.

	In Great Britain, ________ percent of the students at Oxford and Cambridge Universities, the country's most prestigious universities, come from the 5% of the population considered the richest in the country.   75 30 50 25

	The modern, although reluctant, transition of the former USSR to capitalism   saw huge chunks of state-owned businesses being sold to the public. is hampered even today, because the idea of making investments to try to turn a profit, is not seen as a respectable goal. was hampered because their ideology mandated that certain citizens must be deprived in their class system. was helped because workers, controlled by the government, could be fired from their jobs at any time.

	The classification of global stratification into three different categories   is based primarily on the dimension of power regardless of property or prestige. is based primarily on the dimension of property but not wealth. depicts the three primary dimensions of property, power, and prestige. is based primarily on the dimensions of property and power but not on prestige.

	In ________ , death squads sometimes kill children and others to prevent them from having access to food and property.   Brazil Libya Iran Egypt

	Which of the following is classified as an Industrializing Nation?   Russia Denmark Ireland Israel

	All of the following are classified as Oil-Rich Nations EXCEPT   Iran. Kuwait. Iraq. Egypt.

	Industrialization, which began about 1750, is thought to have begun in   Great Britain. the United States. Canada. Germany.

	Which of the major populated continents of the world has been largely left out of the development of capitalism?   Asia Africa South America Australia

	The nation that has many assembly-for-export plants known as maquiladoras is   Costa Rica. Nicaragua. El Salvador. Mexico.

	The theory that would place the least emphasis on international political arrangements as a cause of the gross inequities of the world's nations is   colonialism. culture of poverty. Marxism. world system theory.

	Which of the following grouping of nations provide the best examples of neocolonialism?   the Most Industrialized Nations Oil-rich nations the Industrializing Nations Core Nations

	What term is used for those groups of countries that have developed a strong capital base that has rivaled the older capitalist nations?   the Non-Specific-Rim nations maquiladoras Asian tigers the Central American lions

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