1 .		Which of the following statements represents a positive correlation? [Hint]   A. The more you study, the better your grades tend to be.   B. The more alcohol you consume, the worse you will perform on an exam the next morning.   C. The less coffee you consume in the afternoon, the more sleep you will get that evening.   D. All of the above
2 .		You are interested in the relationship between watching shows like Jerry Springer and brain functioning. If you were to actually examine this relationship, you would probably find a negative correlation, where people who watch _______________ Jerry Springer tend to have the _______________ level of brain activity. [Hint]   A. more; highest   B. less; highest   C. more; lowest   D. less; lowest   E. B and C
3 .		Which of the following would be considered the strongest correlation between two variables being measured? [Hint]   A. -.88   B. .63   C. -.11   D. .02   E. 1.20
4 .		The relationship between any two variables can be graphically portrayed in a ________, where scores on one variable are plotted on the x-axis, while scores on the second variable are plotted on the y-axis. [Hint]   A. association plot   B. correlation plot   C. scatter plot   D. covariation plot
5 .		Although ________________ is widely regarded as the individual who developed the idea of correlation in his studies of heredity and intelligence, ______________ is the individual whose name is associated with the statistical test that measures correlations. [Hint]   A. Sir Francis Galton; Francis Edgeworth   B. Charles Darwin; Sir Francis Galton   C. Francis EdgeworthÊ; Karl Pearson   D. Sir Francis Galton; Karl Pearson
6 .		Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE regarding the relation between correlation coefficients and coefficient of determination? [Hint]   A. Coefficient of determination is obtained by squaring the correlation coefficient between two variables.   B. Because the coefficient of determination is on a nominal scale, it does not allow for direct comparison.   C. Coefficient of determination represents the amount of variance in one variable shared with another.   D. When two variables are unrelated (r = .00) there is no variance shared between the two variables.
7 .		A ________ is a correlation between two variables with the influence of one or more other variables statistically removed. [Hint]   A. Spearman rank-order correlation   B. partial correlation   C. phi coefficient   D. point biserial correlation
8 .		Levin and Stokes (1986) found a correlation of .60 between loneliness and depression. Using partial correlation, they found that at least a portion of this relationship is due to [Hint]   A. financial standing   B. education level   C. social support networks   D. marital status
9 .		A researcher is interested in the relationship between maternal status (pregnant vs. not pregnant) and the number of snacks a woman has during the day. Because maternal status only has two values, this researcher should use which of the following statistical procedures? [Hint]   A. Spearman rank-order correlation   B. partial correlation   C. phi coefficient   D. point biserial correlation
10 .		Researchers generally agree that a correlation with a magnitude above ____ is a "strong" correlation. [Hint]   A. .10   B. .30   C. .50   D. .70
11 .		Examining the correlation between your student's self-reported studying (# of hours) and the grades they got on the exam, you notice that although there is a positive correlation, it is not as strong as you would have predicted. Looking at the scatter plot, you notice that one student in particular reported only one hour of study, by far the least amount, but that same student received the highest grade on the exam. This student would best be described as a [Hint]   A. on-line outlier   B. off-line outlier   C. extreme score   D. deviation score
12 .		Dr. Stevens conducted a correlational study of the relationship between self-esteem and academic performance in high school students. He finds that the two variables have a correlation coefficient of +.78, and that it is significant. Which of the following conclusions would be most appropriate? [Hint]   A. People with high self-esteem tend to perform better in high school.   B. Self-esteem and academic performance are not related.   C. Having High self-esteem causes people to perform better academically.   D. Doing well in school causes one's self-esteem to increase.