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How does the DID model relate to learning theory?
The DID Model is firmly based on learning theory, primarily constructivist although there are steps that rely on behavioristic and cognitivist principles as well. Examine the relationship of each of the DID model’s steps with the theories you learned about in chapter 1.
Step 1: "Know the Learners"
The importance of knowing the learners implies instruction designed to provide for individual differences, a key tenet of constructivism.
Step 2: "Articulate Your Objective"
Performance-based objectives emphasize specific skills that are measurable, allowing students to be fully aware of what is expected of them. As a practical application of constructivist theory, a known goal is necessary for interpretive and applied levels of understanding to occur as students pursue the discovery of knowledge.
Step 3: "Establish the Learning Environment"
The learning environment and its effect on students' behavior is well attested to by behaviorists, cognitivists, and constructivists. The reassurance that comes from pleasant and nonthreatening surroundings, both physical and nonphysical, gives positive reinforcement to the student in keeping with behaviorist theory, while an environment geared to appropriate developmental stages is cognitively supported and one in which self-paced, individualized, and active participation is encouraged is found in constructivist theory.
Step 4: "Identify Teaching and Learning Strategies"
That curriculum must be written to meet specific goals and objectives is supported by constructivists' principle of giving students the opportunity to apply what they have learned and emphasizing the process as well as the conclusion of the process.
Step 5: "Identify and Select Support Technologies"
Multiple intelligences theory, a variation on constructivism, recognizes the role that technology plays in expanding successful learning experiences to people with intelligences other than the traditional verbal-linguistic and logical-mathematical.
Step 6: "Evaluate and Revise the Design"
Feedback is important in constructivism to provide for a flexible plan that can be modified to fit the individual needs of the learner rather than attempting to make the learner fit the curriculum.
Activity
Find an online lesson plan and carefully review each of its steps. What learning theories seem to be reflected in the steps of the plan you found? How does this plan differ from the DID model in terms of both steps and theoretical framework? Be prepared to describe your findings with your class.
Want to know more? Check out these sites:
http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~edtech/688/conclude.htm
http://school.discovery.com/lessonplans/
http://www.teachnet.com/lesson/index.html
http://www.lessonplanspage.com/index.html
http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~bwilson/ID
http://fcae.nova.edu/~burmeist/idlinks.html
http://www.atozteacherstuff.com/lessonplans/
http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/learning/development.html
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