

- Understand issues related to assessing knowledge and simple understanding, including sampling learning targets, determining the length and number of assessments, constructing appropriate assessments, using prepared materials, and preparing students.
- Understand types of knowledge and understanding targets and the assessment methods best suited for assessing such targets.
- Understand and apply procedures for constructing assessment items for knowledge and simple understanding targets.
- Understand procedures for assembling tests, including preparing directions, arranging items, and issues related to the physical layout and appearance of tests.