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Chapter 9

Multiple Choice

Multiple Choice

This activity contains 16 questions.

	A descriptive study can be characterized as one that   Concludes there is a relationship between phenomena Involves manipulation of independent variables All of the above Is concerned with current or past status of something

	Developmental studies are characterized as studies that   Are longitudinal Are cross-sectional Investigate changes of subjects over time All of the above

	Which of the following is a specific limitation of cross-sectional research?   Selection differences between groups may bias the results. It takes a long time to collect the data. It costs less. It is difficult to maintain subject cooperation.

	Relationships can be established by examining all of the following EXCEPT   The variability of responses The predictive power of a variable Differences Correlations

	The purpose of comparative research is   To examine the differences between two or more groups on a variable To provide a more accurate estimation of prediction To describe the current status of a behavior To use the correlations of several variables to study causal patterns

	Comparative research needs to provide a clear description of   Procedures Instrumentation Subjects All of the above

	In simple correlational research, it is important to have   As many variables as possible At least three independent variables Variability in responses Restricted range of responses

	All of the following are advantages of correlational research EXCEPT the capability to   Describe relationships Investigate the interaction among several variables Investigate a possible relationship between variables Prove causation

	A researcher, who is interested in how successful high school seniors will be in college uses a combination of SAT scores and high school rank to predict college GPA. In this example, SAT scores and high school rank are described as what type of variable?   Criterion Predictor Extraneous Dependent

	One reason why one cannot infer causation from correlation is that   Correlations are only descriptive, not inferential It is necessary to use statistical tests to be able to infer causation Only high positive correlations can be used to infer causation Other unaccounted variables might have caused the observed effects

	Spurious correlations are described as estimates that   Create an attenuation limitation Do not allow the researcher to use inferential statistics Over or under represent actual relationships Result in a restricted range

	Surveys are commonly used to describe all of the following EXCEPT   Beliefs Causal relationships Opinions Attitudes

	Which of the following is NOT one of the three primary reasons for the popularity of survey research in education?   Generalizability Versatility Efficiency Causality

	Which of the following techniques would help to estimate the effects of non-respondents?   Obtain at least a 70% return rate from a very large sample Compare demographic characteristics of respondents and non-respondents Obtain a random sample of non-respondent data All of the above

	Which of the following is NOT a reason to check non-respondents in a survey?   The population is small. The selection of subjects was random. The survey is the final one that can be given. Non-respondents represent a certain type of subject.

	Two characteristics of ex post facto research are   Nonrandom assignment of subjects and no manipulation of independent variables No manipulation of independent variables and manipulation of dependent variables Use of comparison groups and random assignment of subjects Using multiple factors and posttests

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