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Chapter 10

Multiple Choice

Multiple Choice

This activity contains 17 questions.

	The most important purpose of experimental research is to   Contribute to basic research Determine the significance of relationships Design studies with randomization and manipulation of conditions Investigate cause and effect relationships

	Experimental research has the following characteristics:   Random selection of subjects; comparison of two or more groups; and use of inferential statistics Maximum control of extraneous variables; manipulation of an independent variable; and statistical equivalence of groups Statistical equivalence of subjects; maximum control of extraneous variables; and random selection of subjects Comparison of two or more groups; use of inferential statistics; and manipulation of the dependent variable

	A high level of control is needed to infer causal relationships in an experimental study. The major disadvantage of this design is that   Internal validity is weak It is difficult to draw any conclusion Generalizability is often limited It is usually too expensive to conduct

	Which sequence is appropriate for planning experimental research?   Define the problem, select subjects, assign subjects to treatments Select subjects, assign treatments, search the literature Select subjects, define the problem, specify a design State research hypotheses, select subjects, assign treatments

	The preferred method of achieving statistical equivalence of groups of subjects is to   Match subjects Randomly select subjects Randomly assign subjects Use subjects as their controls

	Which of the following is not a threat to internal validity?   History Experimenter effects Ecological effects Maturation

	Which of the following characterizes pre-experimental designs?   Few threats to external validity are controlled. Few threats to internal validity are controlled. The results are generally useless. All of the above.

	The pre-experimental design that has the most weaknesses with respect to internal validity is the   Posttest only with nonequivalent groups Unassessed treatment One-group posttest only One-group pretest-posttest

	The most serious threat to the internal validity of the one group pretest-posttest design is   Selection Maturation Diffusion of treatment History

	The difference between the posttest only with nonequivalent groups design and the one-group posttest only design is that in the first design   There are two groups Subjects are randomly assigned More threats to internal validity exist Internal validity is weak

	True experimental designs control which source of internal validity better than quasi-experimental designs?   Selection Diffusion of treatment Pretesting History

	Which of the following is NOT a threat to a true experimental pretest-posttest control group design?   Diffusion of treatment Statistical regression Local history Experimenter effects

	Which design is recommended if a researcher is interested in conducting a study of self-concept and is interested in analyzing an entire school population?   posttest only design posttest only control group design pretest-posttest control group design time series design

	In employing the single group interrupted time series design, it is important that   There be unequal time intervals There be the same number of pre- and post-observations The treatment is introduced only after at least six pre-observations The treatment is an abrupt intervention

	Which characteristic distinguishes single-subject designs from other experimental designs?   Good generalizability of results Sample size is often one individual rather than groups Continual measurement of the dependent variable More than one treatment

	A characteristic of research that is especially important for single-subject designs is to provide   A detailed description of conditions Control of experimenter bias Evidence of statistical equivalence Control of a hawthorne effect

	Multiple baseline designs are especially useful when   Two or more subjects and conditions are available There is a limited amount of time to observe behaviors The behavior is likely to change in different situations It is not possible to repeat the baseline treatment

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