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Chapter 13

Practice Test

Practice Test

This activity contains 26 questions.

	Which of the following is hormone?   epinephrine dopamine serotonin glutamate

	Which of the following is a characteristic of steroid hormones?   they are produced exclusively by the gonads they bind to intracellular receptors they are primarily involved with energy use and storage the are primarily involved with digestion and excretion

	What are tropic hormones?   hormones that alter mineral balance hormones that influence the release of other hormones hormones that promote growth hormones that serve a negative feedback function

	Why is it incorrect to refer to the pituitary as the "master gland"?   the pituitary's hormone release is determined by various positive and negative feedback loops only the anterior pituitary releases tropic hormones the pituitary does not produce hormones the activity of the pituitary is controlled by the hypothalamus

	Gonadotropin-releasing hormone causes the ________ to release ___________.   gonads; sex steroids posterior pituitary; FSH and LH anterior pituitary; FSH and LH anterior pituitary; androgens and estrogens

	When does the differentiation of the sexes begin?   at birth, when the newborn is first socialized as male or female six weeks after conception, when H-Y antigen is synthesized two months post-conception, when rising testosterone levels cause the differentiation of the external genitalia at conception, due to the presence or absence of a Y chromosome

	Castration and __________ refer to the same thing.   gonadectomy orchidectomy ovariectomy testectomy

	What does the aromatization hypothesis propose?   that an estrogen masculinizes the brain in some species that androgens are directly responsible for the masculinization of the hypothalamus that only aromatic testosterone can masculinize the brain during development that estrogen is necessary to feminize the brain

	What protects the female rat brain from circulating masculinizing agents during the perinatal period?   estradiol circulating anti-androgens alpha fetoprotein dihydrotestosterone

	Which of the following statements about testosterone levels and male sexuality is true?   While testosterone is often the determinant of whether or not a man pursues a woman, it plays no role in determining whether or not he can perform. There is a correlation between sexuality and testosterone levels. A healthy man has far more testosterone than he really needs. Testosterone injections reliably increase sex drive.

	Studies suggest that ________ control human female sexuality.   estrogens androgens progesterones external factors

	Which of the following is a potential effect if anabolic steroids?   breast growth in men excessive growth of body hair wasting away of the testes All of the above.

	All of the following are effects of estradiol EXCEPT   reduces inflammation promotes synaptogenesis increases adult neurogenesis promotes the prenatal development of female genitalia

	The rat sexually dimorphic nucleus   grows at a high rate during the first few days after birth if it is exposed to testosterone. is larger in males than in females at birth. is only present in males. grows at a high rate during the first few days after birth if it is exposed to estradiol.

	Destruction of the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus   has no effect on the sexual behavior of all mammalian species that have been studied. abolishes sexual behavior in both the males and females of all mammalian species that have been studied. abolishes sexual behavior in the females of all mammalian species that have been studied. abolishes sexual behavior in the males of all mammalian species that have been studied.

	Testosterone is synthesized from cholesterol.    True  False

	X chromosomes are X-shaped and Y chromosomes are Y-shaped.    True  False

	Progesterone, which prepares the uterus and breasts for pregnancy, is found in males and females.    True  False

	The posterior pituitary produced vasopressin and oxytocin.    True  False

	All hypothalamic releasing hormones are peptides.    True  False

	Research has revealed consistent differences between the brains of homosexuals and heterosexuals.    True  False

	Altered levels of sex steroids, either prenatally or in adulthood, have been shown to be the cause of homosexuality.    True  False

	Transsexualism is a disorder of sexual identity.    True  False

	Compare and contrast the structure and function of the anterior and posterior pituitary.   To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.

	Describe the process of sexual differentiation. What determines whether a male or female develops?   To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.

	Distinguish between masculinization and defeminization.   To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.

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