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Chapter Objectives

  1. Define contraception and trace the history of methods of contraception.
  2. Discuss the history of contraception law in the United States.
  3. List eight issues to consider when choosing a contraceptive.
  4. Describe how oral contraceptives work and discuss their effectiveness, reversibility, advantages and disadvantages.
  5. Describe how Norplant works and discuss its effectiveness, reversibility, advantages and disadvantages.
  6. Describe how IUDs work and discuss their effectiveness, reversibility, advantages and disadvantages.
  7. Describe the diaphragm, and discuss how it works, its effectiveness, reversibility, advantages and disadvantages.
  8. Identify the types of spermicides and discuss their use alone or with other methods, their effectiveness, reversibility, advantages and disadvantages.
  9. Describe the cervical cap and discuss how it works, its effectiveness, reversibility, advantages and disadvantages.
  10. Describe how condoms are used, and discuss their effectiveness, reversibility, advantages and disadvantages.
  11. Describe douching and withdrawal and explain why both are considered non-methods of contraception.
  12. Name and explain the four fertility awareness techniques and discuss their effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages.
  13. Explain the procedures used in male and female sterilization and discuss the effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages of the procedures.
  14. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the female condom and Depo-Provera and discuss possible future developments in contraception.
  15. Summarize the history of abortion, the changing abortion laws in the United States and attitudes toward abortion.
  16. Describe the four methods most commonly used for first and second trimester abortions, including RU-486, the possible complications associated with each and the time period during pregnancy in which each can be performed.
  17. Explain how Americans’ support for legalized abortion varies as a function of the stages of pregnancy.
  18. Contrast the pro-life and pro-choice interpretations of known psychological consequences of abortion in the United States.





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