- Discuss how and why the definition of rape has varied across cultures and over time.
- Cite the incidence of rape in the United States, compare the prevalence of rape in the U.S. to rape in Great Britain and Japan, and state three reasons why official rape statistics are flawed.
- Using data from the NHSLS, compare the frequency of being raped by a stranger, spouse, acquaintance, person the respondent knew well, and person the respondent loved.
- Consider why rape is classified and discussed in terms of subcategories reflecting the victim’s relationship to the perpetrator, and assess the implications of making such distinctions.
- Recognize why the issue of consent is central to the legal definitions of “rape” for adults and “sexual abuse” for children.
- Indicate how rapes committed by individual men tend to differ from gang rapes.
- Discuss why rape by women is rare and indicate what role women tend to play when they do participate in rape.
- List the most common motives for male-to-male rape, describe the conditions under which most male rapes occur, and state why male rape victims are unlikely to report the assault.
- Provide evidence to support the assertion that the social climate of the United States fosters and legitimizes rape, particularly among young people.
- Using information derived primarily from studies of incarcerated rapists, identify some of the common psychological and behavioral traits found within this group.
- Drawing on Harney and Muehlenhard’s research, develop a profile of the self-identified sexually aggressive man.
- Summarize the evolutionary view of rape offered by Archer and Vaughan and recognize why this perspective is highly controversial.
- Using Groth and Birnbaum’s classification scheme, distinguish among the three types of rape – anger, power, and sadistic – in terms of motive for, and nature of, the attack.
- Provide an overview of the emotional, psychological, and interpersonal consequences of sexual victimization for children and adults.
- Repeat the five suggestions Powell provides for individuals who have been raped.
- Recognize the benefits of contacting a rape crisis center or mental health hotline if you or someone you care about has been sexually assaulted.
- Demonstrate familiarity with the list of precautions women can take to help protect themselves from rape and share them with others you know.
- Review the list of suggestions Powell makes for avoiding date rape, examine how you currently communicate with your dating partners, and identify any positive changes you could make in your dating behavior.
- Assess the potential costs and benefits of responding to an attack by fighting back, trying to escape, and pleading with an assailant.
- Estimate the prevalence of the sexual abuse of children in the United States and note how this form of victimization varies by the gender of both the perpetrator and the victim.
- Identify the people most likely to molest children, and indicate which factor is most important in determining whether an adult who becomes aware of the abuse will report it to authorities.
- Note which types of sexual behavior adult perpetrators are most likely to engage in with child victims, and discuss why physical force is rarely needed to gain abused children’s compliance.
- Summarize the factors that seem to motivate the women who sexually abuse children.
- Distinguish between child molesters and pedophiles, and use a sociocultural framework to explain why both child molesters and pedophiles are almost always male.
- Assess the importance of the incest taboo in promoting the survival of the human species and the stability of families and kinship groups.
- Compare the prevalence of, motivations for, and consequences of father-child incest to those of brother-sister incest.
- Describe the family context in which incest typically occurs, and indicate how social factors such as poverty may further support the development of the sexual abuse of children.
- Recommend at least three ways society could empower children in an attempt to both prevent child sexual abuse and effectively respond to cases of suspected abuse.
- Evaluate the effectiveness of the U.S. legal system’s current response to convicted rapists and child molesters and identify some of the techniques that may be helpful in treating offenders.
- Provide a legal definition of sexual harassment and explain why this behavior is considered a form of sex discrimination when it occurs in schools and workplaces.
- Cite the incidence of sexual harassment at workplaces and colleges in the United States.
- Outline the strategies individuals can use to respond more effectively to sexual harassment, and consider why it might be difficult for a victim of harassment to adopt these suggestions.
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