- Ms. Cavalho works hard to prevent behavior problems and disruption in her classroom. Which of the following terms refers to her interaction with Mark?
- ANSWER: a) Management. Ms. Cavalho is employing techniques designed to prevent future negative behaviors rather than punish him directly.
- According to research, how could Ms. Cavalho increase student achievement in her classroom?
- ANSWER: c) It appears that increasing the amount of time students spend engaged in learning has the greatest effect on learning, more so than merely increasing allocated time, which does not guarantee all students will use it for learning. However, increasing engaged time too much may have detrimental effects.
- Ms. Cavalho continues her lesson on writing style even as Mark attempts to interrupt. This is called
- ANSWER: c) Momentum. Ms. Cavalho prevents the disruption of momentum, as other students are engaged in learning and the disruption of Ms. Cavalho's flow would destroy momentum.
- Ms. Cavalho uses the "Principle of Least Intervention" in her classroom. She works to prevent inappropriate behavior first, then if that does not work, she gives nonverbal cues and verbal reminders about how to act. She has used these strategies with Mark. Assume that Mark's behavior does not change after their discussion. What should she do next?
- ANSWER: a) The final step is to apply consequences.
- Daily report cards, group contingency programs, home-based reinforcement programs, and individual behavior management programs are all based on
- ANSWER: c) All these strategies are based on the principles of behavioral learning theory.
- Discuss ethical considerations in the use of individual and group behavior management techniques
- POSSIBLE ANSWER: The employment of behavior management techniques is useful in dealing with highly disruptive students and classrooms. However, their use has been criticized because some teachers focus more on preventing disruption than fostering learning. Therefore, individual and group behavior management techniques should be used judiciously and only after preventative or less obvious discipline techniques have failed.
- Explain how you would prevent the following misbehaviors: speaking out of turn, teasing, and physical fighting.
- POSSIBLE ANSWER: Probably the best way to prevent negative behaviors is to not reward negative behaviors inadvertently. For instance, speaking out of turn may easily be rewarded when teachers allow students to continue speaking once the student has started, even if the student did not raise a hand and get teacher permission to speak. Instead, teachers must not reward speaking out of turn, and must praise students only when they raise their hands, following class protocol. Teasing and physical abuse are rewarded inadvertently because they tend to achieve their effects on the victim, either bring one to tears or visible sadness or physically hurting the victim. The beginning of the school year should be spent discussing rules, what is considered appropriate behavior, and the consequences of behavioral transgressions. One behavior to be discussed is demonstrating respect for others. Failing to demonstrate respect by either teasing or physically abusing students must be punished swiftly and firmly, but justly and consistently. It is hoped that once students know administration and teachers are serious about rules, teasing and physical abuse will cease.
