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persistence of vision – fast-changing still photos create illusion of movement Hollywood Ten – film industry people who were jailed for refusing to testify at congressional anti-Red hearings vertical integration – in the movies, controlling the whole creation-production-exhibition sequence blockbooking – studio requirement that movie houses rent clunkers in order to get good movies Paramount decisions – required studios to loosen control on whole creation-distribution-exhibition sequence studio system – the centralized studio-controlled movie industry disassembled by the Paramount decision Cinerama – wraparound screens Cinemascope – horizontal screens spectaculars – big-budget epic movies drive-ins – outdoor screens viewable from automobiles multiscreen theatres – several screens with central infrastructure nut – an upfront payment to exhibitors to cover basic costs exhibitors – movie-house business distributors – companies that supply movies to theatres major studios – include Warner Brothers, Paramount, Disney, MGM independent producer – makes movies outside major studios but sometimes with major studios’ cooperation risk investors – put money into projects at interest rates commensurate with risk merchandising tie-ins – studio deals to profit from merchandise carrying movie names and logos product placement – when manufacturer pays for products to be used as props Legion of Decency – church listing of acceptable movies Miracle case – U.S. Supreme Court rules First Amendment protected movies from censorship Classification and Rating Administration Board – rates movies on G, PG, PG-13, R, NC-17 scale
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