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communication – exchange of ideas, information intrapersonal communication – talking to oneself interpersonal communication – usually two people face-to-face group communication – more than two people; in person mass communication – many recipients; not face to face; a process mass communicators – message crafters mass messages – what is communicated mass media – vehicles that carry messages mass audiences – recipients of mass messages basic model – shows sender, encoding, transmission, decoding, receiver narrative model – describes process in words, not schematic concentric circle model – useful radiating model of mass communication process stimulation – stirs someone to communicate encoding – putting something into symbols transmission – sending a message decoding – translating a symbolic message internalization – making sense of a decoded message homophyly – the source and the receiver have enough in common to make communication possible gatekeepers – media people who influence messages en route regulators – nonmedia people who influence messages pressure groups – try to influence media messages, policies; include citizen groups, government agencies gatekeeper-regulator hybrids – media trade, professional groups noise – impedes communication before message reaches receiver semantic noise – sloppy message-crafting channel noise – interference during transmission environmental noise – interference at reception site filters – receiver factor that impedes communication informational filter – receiver’s knowledge limits impede deciphering symbols physical filter – receiver’s alertness impedes deciphering psychological filter – receiver’s state of mind impedes deciphering amplification – spreading message status conferral – credence that a topic or issue receives because of media attention feedback – recipient response to sender effect – result of mass communication
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