After studying this chapter, you should be able to answer the following questions:
- How do you calculate the mean, median, mode, and standard deviation?
- What are percentile ranks, standard deviations, z-scores, T-scores, and stanine scores?
- How can you improve reliability and validity in testing?
- What do results of achievement, aptitude, and diagnostic tests tell teachers?
- How would you prepare students (and yourself) for taking a standardized test?
- What are the strengths and weaknesses of alternative forms of assessment, such as portfolios?
