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Congressional Republicans believed President Lincoln's so-called " Plan" for Reconstruction was much too lenient toward the former Confederate states.
President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction required that before they could be readmitted to the Union, former Confederate states would have to ratify the Amendment that abolished slavery.
Senate Radical Republicans led by demanded that equal rights for blacks be included in any Reconstruction policy.
Many Radical Republicans in Congress objected to President Johnson's Reconstruction policy because its leniency allowed southern states to enact , special laws designed to limit the rights of former slaves.
In 1866, Congress overrode President Johnson's veto and repassed the Act that restricted a state's power to limit black rights.
In the congressional elections of 1866, the party scored major victories and achieved a "veto proof" majority in Congress.
The 1867 Reconstruction Acts required former Confederate states to ratify the Amendment in order to be readmitted.
The Radical Republican's attempt to impeach and remove President Johnson from office was based on his violation of the Act.
The Fifteenth Amendment intended to prohibit from denying blacks the right to vote.
During Reconstruction, Radical Republican Congressman tried to find a way to confiscate plantation land and redistribute it to former slaves.
The scarcity of money in the postwar southern economy produced the system where local merchants loaned money to farmers and sharecroppers, using their fall harvest as collateral.
Congress responded to the actions of groups like the Ku Klux Klan in the South by passing three Acts, which placed southern elections under federal jurisdiction.
In 1872 a reform element in the Republican party, provoked by the corruption of the Grant administration, founded the Liberal Republican party and nominated for president.
The affair, which cost the federal government millions in tax revenues, was among the worst of the many scandals of the Grant administration.
The so-called signaled the end of the use of coercion in the relations between the North and South, and the return of a conciliatory relationship.