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Chapter 20: National Security Policymaking

Multiple Choice

Multiple Choice

This activity contains 20 questions.

	An example of a regional organization is the   United Nations Security Council. World Bank. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. International Monetary Fund.

	During the early years of his administration, Reagan's foreign and defense policies emphasized   détente. arms reduction talks. anticommunism. nuclear disarmament.

	Economic sanctions   are a recent tool of diplomacy. are often a first resort in times of crises. have never accomplished their goals. tend to receive wide support.

	In détente   nuclear rearmament is emphasized. diplomacy and propaganda replace the threat of force. unilateral arms reductions are common. a stalemate is maintained.

	One explanation for America's tribulations in foreign policy is that   the American economy is declining. military power is no longer the primary instrument of foreign policy. the threat of conventional warfare looms larger because of the balance of nuclear capability. other nations are gaining economic and military hegemony over the United States.

	Since the Great Depression, international economic policies have tended to emphasize   high tariffs and protectionism. central planning and policymaking. lower tariffs and freer trade. heavy reliance on international economic organizations.

	The central assumption of the current American defense policy is that the United States   requires forces and equipment sufficient to fight two nearly simultaneous major regional conflicts. needs a sufficient nuclear force to remain the only superpower in the world. requires forces and equipment sufficient to assume the role of the world's policeman. no longer needs to assume a central role in world conflicts.

	The chief foreign policymaker in the United States is the   secretary of state. president. secretary of defense. national security advisor.

	The chief role of the secretary of defense is to   deploy forces and equipment during times of war. advise the president on military matters. coordinate American foreign and military policy. act as commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

	The cold war ended   with freedom and self-determination erupting in Eastern Europe. after long years of negotiations with the Soviet Union. only after the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan. shortly after Chinese students held peaceful protests for democracy in Tiananmen Square.

	The containment doctrine was   intended to prevent Soviet expansion after World War II. used to call for the use of military conflict to deter all communist advances. used to call for an end to the arms race during the Cold War. first proposed as a military maneuver during the Korean War as a means to prevent Chinese advances.

	The foreign policy powers of Congress   have no constitutional basis. include raising and organizing the armed forces. include making treaties. are negligible when compared with the president.

	The mechanism by which most of the world's nations negotiate widespread trade agreements is called the   General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. World Free Trade Agreement. World Trade Organization. International Monetary Fund.

	The most pervasive characteristic of American international economic policy is   elitism. the dominance of American business. the dominance of the president. pluralism.

	The oldest instruments of foreign policy are   diplomacy and summit talks. trade and tariffs. treaties and contracts. war and threat of war.

	The president's foreign aid requests   are usually accepted without question by Congress. are typically cut by Congress. comprise the largest part of the foreign policy budget. have strong interest group backing.

	The Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty was the first accord   on nuclear weapons signed between the United States and the Soviet Union. to reduce current levels of nuclear weapons. mandating the elimination of strategic nuclear weaponry. cutting conventional arms in Europe.

	The structure of America's defenses has been based on   complete control of the sea and large overseas bases. military control of outer space. strategic nuclear air command and a small but specialized standing army. a large standing military force and a triad of strategic nuclear weapons.

	The Vietnam War   began during the Johnson Administration. ended with a compromise settlement in the Peace Treaty of 1973. received widespread popular support despite the attention given to a very vocal minority opposition. illustrates the ability of government to lie to its citizens.

	Which of the following is TRUE?   The poorer the nation, the wider the gap between rich and poor. Washington has supported resolutions to redistribute the world's wealth. The United States devotes a larger share of its GNP to foreign economic development than any other developed nation. It is becoming easier for the United States to ignore global equality issues.

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