permit a small number of people to sue on behalf of all other people similarly situated. [Hint]
Courts with are those in which a case is heard first, usually in a trial. [Hint]
The customary manner in which the Senate disposes of state-level federal judicial nominations is through . [Hint]
The is in charge of the appellate court litigation of the federal government. [Hint]
The vast majority of cases reaching the courts are settled on the principle of . [Hint]
refers to how and whether court decisions are translated into actual policy, affecting the behavior of others. [Hint]
is the power of the courts to hold acts of Congress, and by implication the executive, in violation of the Constitution. [Hint]
Many scholars and judges favor a policy of , in which judges adhere closely to precedent and play minimal policymaking roles. [Hint]
The federal courts have developed a doctrine of as a means to avoid deciding some cases, principally those regarding conflicts between the president and Congress. [Hint]
If an issue is one of , in which a court interprets an act of Congress, the legislature routinely passes legislation that clarifies existing laws and, in effect, overturns the courts. [Hint]
