Chapter 4: Mastery Test 7

     ¹During the 35 years between the end of the Civil War and 1900, the United States achieved great industrial and political growth. ²Its population doubled. ³Inventions such as the telephone, the electric light, and the railroad system led to this period of great growth. ⁴So did the arrival of masses of European immigrants. ⁵As reporters of this growth, newspapers also changed noticeably. ⁶The era is known as the time of the "new journalism." ⁷New journalism was first used to describe newspapers in the 1880s. ⁸They were low-priced, entertaining, and objective in basic hard news. ⁹They also supported social and economic reform. ¹⁰All around them, editors saw interesting events and social pressures to report. ¹¹Newspapers grew swiftly during the period. ¹²Daily newspapers quadrupled in number. ¹³By 1900 there were 1967 general-circulation dailies. ¹⁴Weekly papers tripled. By the turn of the century, there were more than 12,000. ¹⁵At that point, the country had more than 3500 magazines. ¹⁶The use of new machinery and processes allowed the newspapers to respond to the hunger for the printed word. ¹⁷For example, the rotary press, mechanized typesetting, photoengraving, and color printing made newspapers easier to produce.