a. Zinnia Mae.
	b. the impact of poverty.
	c. a typical day for Zinnia Mae and her children.
	d. joblessness and poverty.

	a. the importance of education to prevent poverty
	b. the impact of joblessness on poverty
	c. the relationship between widowhood and poverty
	d. the impact of a high divorce rate on poverty

	a. Each of Zinnia Mae's days was much the same.
	b. She watched TV and talked with girlfriends on the phone.
	c. The children had only one set meal (breakfast) and otherwise ate whenever they were hungry or bored.
	d. She worried about where to find baby-sitters so she could to the laundry or grocery, and about what she would do if she located the twins' father, who had stopped sending money.

	a. Over the past 30 years, economic changes in the United States and Canada have caused the poverty rate to climb substantially; in recent years, it has dropped and then risen again.
	b. Today, nearly 12 percent of the population in the United States and Canada are affected.
	c. Those hit hardest are parents under age 25 with young children and elderly people who live alone.
	d. Poverty is also magnified among ethnic minorities and women.

	a. The poverty rate in the United States and Canada is the result of several factors.
	b. Joblessness is one factor that causes poverty in the United States and Canada.
	c. Women are more often reported in the poverty statistics than men.
	d. The child poverty rate is higher in the United States than in Canada.

	a. Poor families have many daily hassles—bills to pay, the car breaking down, loss of welfare and unemployment payments, something stolen from the house, to name just a few.
	b. When daily crises arise, family members become depressed, irritable, and distracted, and hostile interactions increase.
	c. These outcomes are especially severe in family that must live in poor housing and dangerous neighborhoods—conditions that make everyday existence even more difficult, while reducing social supports that help people cope with economic hardship.
	d. The constant stresses that accompany poverty gradually weaken the family system.

	a. Poverty was an uncommon phenomenon 25 years ago.
	b. Homelessness was an uncommon phenomenon 25 years ago.
	c. Besides poverty, homelessness is another factor that has reduced the life chances of many children and adults.
	d. Mental illness is a major cause of homelessness.

	a. homelessness
	b. homeless families
	c. homeless children
	d. poverty-stricken school-age children

	a. Most homeless families are single-parent families with a mother and children under the age of 5.
	b. Homeless children suffer from health problems, developmental delays, and serious emotional stress.
	c. At least one-fourth of homeless school-age children do not attend school.
	d. Homeless children achieve less than other poor children.

	a. Poverty is a global problem all countries need to address.
	b. Education can help alleviate the problems of poverty.
	c. The United States and Canada have programs to eliminate poverty.
	d. When families slip into poverty, development is seriously threatened.