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Home arrow Topic 16: Latin America, 1450-1750: Conflicts in the Contact Zone arrow Fill in the Blank

Fill in the Blank



 This activity contains 50 questions.

Question 1.
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was the word used to describe the Spanish-Indian population of the New World. 
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Question 2.
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The Treaty of in 1713 reduced Spanish influence in Latin and South America.  
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Question 3.
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After Cortés’ conquest, Tenochtitlan, became known as . 
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Question 4.
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The group that advised the Spanish king and directed the viceroys in Mexico was the . 
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Question 5.
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The system used by the Spaniards brought with it huge abuses, based as it was on serfdom, with no concern for the indigenous population. 
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Question 6.
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One of the main slave-trading sites for the Portuguese was . 
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Question 7.
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During some periods there did exist a trade in which slaves were carried to the Americas, sugar and tobacco to Europe, and European products to the coast of Africa.  
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Question 8.
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The patriarchal family was readily adapted to Latin America where large estates and grants of Indian laborers or provided the framework for relations based on economic dominance.  
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Question 9.
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After Columbus’s original voyage in 1492, a return expedition that included colonists in the next year established a colony on the island of .  
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Question 10.
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The move to royal administration was marked by the creation of administrative institutions: the governorship, the treasury office, and the royal court of appeals or .  
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Question 11.
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The regularization of commerce in Spanish colonies in the New World was managed by the located in Seville.  
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Question 12.
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The Dominican friar initiated the struggle for justice for Native Americans in Spanish colonies.  
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Question 13.
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In 1519 led an expedition of some 600 men to the coast of Mexico.  
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Question 14.
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The Aztec emperor was made a captive by Spanish invaders and then killed.  
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Question 15.
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was built by the Spaniards on the ruins of Tenochtitlan as the capital of New Spain.  
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Question 16.
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In 1535 led his men to the conquest of the Inca Empire.  
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Question 17.
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Unlike the Spaniards in Mexico, when the Inca capital of Cuxco fell in 1533, the conquerors built their new capital of closer to the coast.  
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Question 18.
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Searching for the mythical cities of gold, penetrated today’s southwestern United States from 1540 to 1542.  
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Question 19.
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conquered the Araucanian Indians of central Chile and set up the city of Santiago in 1541.  
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Question 20.
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were holders of grants of Indian labor who could use the Indians as workers or tax them.  
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Question 21.
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In the sixteenth century the encomienda was gradually replaced by the , a system of labor drafts.  
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Question 22.
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The discovery of a mountain of mercury at in Peru aided American silver production.  
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Question 23.
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Rural estates, or , producing primarily for consumers in America became the basis of wealth and power for the local aristocracy in many regions.  
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Question 24.
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The Spanish scholar, , argued that Indians were not fully human and thus enslaving them was acceptable.  
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Question 25.
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The Board of Trade in Seville often worked in conjunction with a merchant guild or that had virtual monopoly rights over goods shipped to America.  
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Question 26.
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The treasure fleets of Spain were made possible by the development of large, heavily armed ships called .  
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Question 27.
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The Treaty of , signed in 1494 by Spain and Portugal, clarified the spheres of influence of the two nations.  
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Question 28.
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The Spanish Empire became a great bureaucratic system built on a juridical core and staffed to a large extent by .  
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Question 29.
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The body of laws for the Indies was so large and varied that it took almost a century to complete a great law code, the .  
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Question 30.
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The king of Spain ruled through a that issued the laws and advised him on all matters dealing with the American colonies.  
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Question 31.
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Within the Indies, Spain created two in the sixteenth century, one based on Mexico City and the other on Lima.  
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Question 32.
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The first official Portuguese landfall on the South American coast took place in 1500 when stopped briefly on the Brazilian shore.  
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Question 33.
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Minor Portuguese nobles were given strips of land along the coast called to colonize and develop.  
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Question 34.
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, hardy backwoodsmen from Sao Paulo, had explored the interior of Brazil, captured Indians, and searched for precious metals.  
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Question 35.
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In 1695 gold strikes were made in Brazil in the mountainous region that came to be called .  
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Question 36.
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, the port closest to the mines of Minas Gerais, became capital of Brazil in 1763.  
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Question 37.
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Peoples of mixed origins were called the , and they constituted a large and troublesome population that was relegated to secondary status.  
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Question 38.
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were people of Spanish blood who had been born in the New World.  
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Question 39.
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, moved by economic nationalism and a desire for strong centralized government, instituted fiscal, administrative, and military reforms in Spain and its empire.  
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Question 40.
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spent six years in Mexico before returning to Spain to become Minister of the Indies and chief architect of reforms.  
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Question 41.
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The Bourbon reforms were paralleled in the Portuguese world during the administration of the , Portugal’s authoritarian prime minister.  
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Question 42.
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In New Granada, popular complaints against the government’s control of tobacco and liquor led to the widespread revolt in 1781.  
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Question 43.
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In Peru, a great Indian uprising took place under the leadership of Jose Gabriel Condorcanqui, .  
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Question 44.
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In 1492 the Italian navigator , sailing in the name of Ferdinand and Isabella, reached the Americas.  
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Question 45.
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A Spanish expedition under set sail westward in 1519 and eventually sailed around the world.  
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Question 46.
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Portugal emerged from the first round of exploration with coastal holdings in various parts of Africa and the Indian port of Goa, as well as a lease on the Chinese port of .  
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Question 47.
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The cultural interaction that took place with often disastrous consequences following the discovery of the Americas by Europeans is called the “. ”  
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Question 48.
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Nations, usually European, that enjoyed profit from the world economy, controlled international banking and commercial services, and exported manufactured goods were called nations.  
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Question 49.
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In the Americas, for many Indians and , people of mixed European and Indian blood, systems of estate management developed that exacted large amounts of labor.  
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Question 50.
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The first Spanish settlement on the American mainland was established in 1509 under the able adventurer, .  
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