Philosophy and Philosophers

1770-1831 G.W.F. Hegel, German philosopher

1788-1860 Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher

1806-1873 John Stuart Mill, English philosopher

1813-1855 Sǿren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher

1818-1883 Karl Marx, Political philosopher, economist, and reformer

1839-1914 Charles S. Peirce, American pragmatist philosopher

1842-1910 William James, American psychologist, philosopher

1844-1900 Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher

1848-1925 Gottlob Frege, German philosopher and mathematician

1854-1912 Henri Poincaré, French mathematician, philosopher

1859-1952 John Dewey, American philosopher

1861-1941 Rabindranath Tagore, Indian philosopher, poet

Political and Cultural Context

1817-1862 Henry David Thoreau, American writer

1817-1895 Frederick Douglass, American writer, reformer

1821-1881 Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Russian novelist

1859 Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species by Natural Selection.

1861 Louis Pasteur's germ theory of fermentation

1861-1865 American Civil War