Psychology/Sociology

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Academic Vocabulary

Choose the correct answer for each exercise.

This activity contains 20 questions.

A type of research that involves close, in-depth observation and analysis of individual people is a/an

culture.defense mechanism.case study.ethnic group.

A mental process such as thinking, remembering, and understanding is

culture.cognition.memorization.memory.

A system for living that includes objects, values, and characteristics that people acquire as members of society is

learning.culture.an ethnic group.ethnocentrism.

A method of reducing anxiety by denying or distorting a situation or problem is

a hypothesis.a case study.learning.a defense mechanism.

Empirical refers to

information that can never be verified.a form of government ruled by an emperor.information obtained from or that can be verified by observation or experimentation.None of the answers is correct.

A collection of people who share a cultural heritage is

a homogeneous population.a heterogeneous population.learning.an ethnic group.

The belief that one's own culture is superior to that of others is

egomania.hypothesis.ethnocentrism.xenophobia.

A tentative explanation about how various events are related to one another that can be tested by further experimentation is a/an

experiment.case study.hypothesis.culture.

The capacity to learn from experience and to adapt to one's environment is

ethnocentrism.intelligence.multiculturalism.egomania.

A relatively permanent change in knowledge or behavior that results from experience is

culture.intelligence.an experiment.learning.

The study of diverse racial and ethnic groups within a culture is

multiculturalism.egomania.intelligence.ethnocentrism.

A social rule that specifies how people should behave is

value.odds.norms.status.

A group whose members share the same age or common interests is a

peer group.superior group.inferior group.subgroup.

A reward or the process of giving a reward after a desirable behavior has occurred is

value.punishment.reinforcement.sanction.

A reward for conforming to what is expected or a punishment for violating expectations is a

punishment.value.reinforcement.sanction.

A category of people who have approximately equal income, power, and prestige is a

social class.status class.peer group.value group.

One's position in a group or society is

norm.status.value.sanction.

An oversimplified, inaccurate mental picture or conception of others is a

status.stereotype.value.norm.

A socially agreed upon idea about what is good, desirable, or important is a

stereotype.status.norm.value.

A characteristic that changes from person to person within a population being studied is a

status.value.norm.variable.

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