Process analysis, say the authors of our textbook, is “a technique that explains the steps or sequence involved in doing something.” Process analysis serves two important purposes: we can learn how to do something from a directional process (process instruction) and we can learn how something works from an informational process (process description). Process analysis can provide a pattern for developing several kinds of essays, including definition, cause-effect, and persuasive essays.

In order to make effective use of process analysis in your essays, consider the following:

1. Identify the purpose of the process analysis and state that purpose. If the purpose is to provide information (how to do something), simply state objectively what the goal is. If the purpose is persuasive, include the persuasive dimension in the statement of purpose or thesis.
2. Formulate a thesis that includes your attitude toward the process.
3. Keep your audience in mind. Do not assume they have the knowledge that you do about the process.
4. Plan your essay so that you can lay out the steps sequentially.
5. Explain the process step by step. Include any cautionary measures that might be necessary at the point where they are relevant.
6. Use transitional words that lead the read naturally from one step to another. If you are writing a directional process, you may wish to use numbers or bullets as signposts.
7. Make sure that your tone is consistent with the content, audience, and purpose of the essay.
8. Be sure to prepare an introduction that engages your readers and invites them into the process.
9. Be sure to provide a conclusion that gives your readers closure and answers any questions they may have about the process.

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