1 .		Most of the delegates to the Constitutional Convention favored a [Hint]   A. parliamentary system of government.   B. confederate form of government like that of the Articles of Confederation.   C. strong federal government.   D. weak federal government.   E. unitary system.
2 .		Supporters of the new Constitution called themselves [Hint]   A. anti-Federalists.   B. nationalists.   C. unionists.   D. Democrats.   E. Federalists.
3 .		All of the following were arguments articulated for federalism by the supporters of the new Constitution, EXCEPT [Hint]   A. all of the above were arguments articulated for federalism.   B. the use of the states as testing grounds for new policies and programs.   C. states would have greater sovereignty and independence.   D. prevention of tyranny.   E. provision for increased participation in politics.
4 .		The Constitution addresses situations where there is a conflict between a state and national law in the [Hint]   A. Article VI. section.   B. preemption clause.   C. full faith and credit clause.   D. First Amendment.   E. necessary and proper clause.
5 .		The Supreme Court has allowed the Congress to draft men into the armed services even though that power is not enumerated in the Constitution. The Court found that Congress had related powers to raise an army and navy and to declare war. What would be the constitutional basis for this expansion of power? [Hint]   A. the concurrent power clause.   B. the necessary and proper clause.   C. the supremacy clause.   D. the checks and balances clause.   E. the war powers clause.
6 .		Which of the following constitutional powers would a state use as a rationale to implement restrictions on abortions? [Hint]   A. reserve powers   B. emergency powers   C. enumerated powers   D. concurrent powers   E. ex post facto laws
7 .		Which of the following courts was given original jurisdiction in the U.S. Constitution to settle controversies between the states? [Hint]   A. U.S. Military Courts   B. state courts   C. U.S. Supreme Court   D. U.S. District Courts   E. U.S. Courts of Appeals
8 .		Which level of government found its power strengthened as a result of the McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) decision? [Hint]   A. state   B. neither, this case was only about U.S. Supreme Court authority   C. national   D. local   E. both levels of government found an equal expansion of power
9 .		In which of the following cases of the 1800s did the Court find an act of Congress unconstitutional? [Hint]   A. Plessy v. Ferguson   B. Dred Scott v. Sandford   C. Gibbons v. Ogden   D. McCulloch v. Maryland   E. Roe v. Wade
10 .		The belief that the states and the national government should be equally powerful is linked with what type of federalism? [Hint]   A. cooperative federalism   B. new federalism   C. pumpkin pie federalism   D. dual federalism   E. marble cake federalism
11 .		The term which best characterizes the relationship between the national and state governments that began with the New Deal is [Hint]   A. cooperative federalism.   B. dual federalism.   C. sponge cake federalism.   D. new federalism.   E. layer cake federalism.
12 .		Which act of Congress, from 1790 through the Civil War, represented the single most important piece of education legislation through that period? [Hint]   A. New Federalism Act   B. New Deal Act   C. Missouri Compromise   D. Great Society Act   E. Morril Land Grant Act
13 .		Which of the following presidents sought to return the most power back to the states? [Hint]   A. Lyndon Johnson   B. Ronald Reagan   C. Franklin Roosevelt   D. Harry Truman   E. Dwight D. Eisenhower
14 .		If you were a state governor who wanted to balance the state government budget, which of the following would you most likely oppose? [Hint]   A. block grants   B. categorical grants   C. unfunded mandates   D. fiscal mandates   E. congressional mandates passed after the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
15 .		The penalties for state or local government who refuse to comply with federal mandates may include [Hint]   A. loss of other federal grants.   B. civil penalties.   C. criminal penalties.   D. all of the above.   E. none are correct
16 .		Which of the following conditions is most descriptive of state government finances that were expected for 2003? [Hint]   A. all states expecting budget deficits   B. most states expecting budget deficits   C. best fiscal condition since 1970   D. all states expecting budget surpluses   E. most states expecting budget surpluses
17 .		In the cases, U.S. Term Limits v. Thorton (1995), Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority (1985), and Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled consistently against [Hint]   A. the national government.   B. presidents.   C. congressional expansion of power.   D. state and local governments.   E. elected officials.
18 .		From the 1980s to today, the Court has given the most latitude to states in which policy area? [Hint]   A. abortion restrictions   B. segregation   C. poll taxes   D. federal minimum wage and hour provisions   E. all are correct