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Chapter 18 introduces you to writing as a problem-solving process. The chapter teaches you how to translate the basic principles of solving subject-matter and rhetorical problems into effective strategies for composing and revising your writing along the continuum from closed to open forms. By the end of the chapter, you should understand the following: 1. No two writers compose exactly the same way. In addition, the actual mechanics of composing differ from writer to writer, and writers often vary their composing process from project to project. 2. Experienced writers keep revising their work until they feel it is ready to go public, using multiple drafts to pose, pursue, and solve problems. 3. Experienced writers revise for several different purposes, including the following: to overcome the limits of memory, to accommodate changes in their ideas, to clarify audience and purpose, to clarify structure and create coherence, and to improve gracefulness and correctness. 4. Many students have been taught an old model of the writing process that was developed before research into the composing process revealed that hardly any real writers write that way. 5. More effective than a division of the writing process into distinct, sequential steps is a description that talks about the kinds of activities in which writers engage in the early, middle, and late stages of their writing process. 6. The changes writers typically make in their drafts can be categorized into several kinds, each with its own rationale. 7. Experienced writers use as many as seven different composing strategies that encompass every aspect of the process, from scheduling to the physical materials they employ. 8. There exists a well-developed theory and practice of effective peer-review strategies that can maximize the benefits you and your classmates can receive from each other's critiques.
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