No Frames Version
Multi-Purpose Writing
Many of your assignments will call for the "pure" forms of academic writing discussed and illustrated in Part VII of your text, including writing summaries, explanations, arguments, analyses, and critiques. You have already seen that preparing one of these paper types may entail writing other types. For instance, an explanation may require a summary; in a critique, you can only evaluate a position that you have previously explained or summarized. Assignments calling for a critique or an explanation may not explicitly ask you to summarize, but that expectation is built into the task.
Certain assignments will call for you to mix or layer paper types, most often in the context of an argument. Consider this assignment from a course in American government:
In the interest of promoting citizenship and patriotism, should the United States Congress enact a law requiring two years of non-military service of every 18-24 year old? Supporters envision young men and women serving in AmeriCorps-like domestic programs: working at shelters, in national parks, in elementary schools—wherever help is needed. Research the question and write in favor of or against a national service requirement. In your argument, explain and evaluate the idea that citizens owe a "debt" to their country. If you like, in closing, briefly propose your own (voluntary or mandatory) plan for service.
Raymond Nance's "Keeping Volunteering Voluntary" responds to this question. In the context of an overall argument, this student writer presents three summaries (one of which serves as part of an explanation), a critique, and a brief proposal.
These pointers for reading multi-purpose assignments will help you to think about your own writing assignments. Review these guidelines for writing multi-purpose papers before getting started with your own paper. Consider the complexity of Nance's paper in relation to some of the other sample papers you've read and think about the development of your own work. These notes on multi-purpose writing will guide you.